Tuesday, May 10, 2016

The Apple TV

It's been more than three years, but we finally have a new Apple TV. The last time Apple updated its popular media streamer was back in 2012, and it has really started to show its age. Especially when you consider the broad app ecosystems and 4K streaming support offered by competing devices like the Amazon Fire TV and the Roku 4. Thanks to the new iOS-based tvOS 9, Apple has solved one of those problems; the new media streamer now offers plenty of apps. And a new Siri-powered remote makes navigation via voice a breeze. Still, it lacks 4K support, and with a price tag higher than any of our top picks (including the $99 Editors' Choice Amazon Fire TV), it feels like too little, too late.

Design

The new Apple TV has the same matte black plastic design and squarish shape of the previous model. It measures the same 3.9 inches across, but is nearly twice as thick at 1.4 inches. It's still a very tiny box you can stick almost anywhere underneath or behind your HDTV.
This version sees the return of local storage in the form of 32GB of solid state memory (or 64GB for the $199 model), to be used for apps and games. Unless you intend to download a lot of games, the 32GB model should suit you just fine. The reintroduction of local storage doesn't explain the thicker profile of the device. It's likely a combination of storage and increased processing power.

While the box is bigger, its back panel actually holds fewer ports than before. The HDMI video output, micro USB port, and Ethernet port are still there, along with the two-prong laptop-style power connector, but the optical audio output of the last model has been removed. This is relatively minor, since your HDTV likely has its own optical audio output if you want to run audio through a soundbar or speaker system. Still, it's an odd omission considering the larger frame.


The remote has been completely redesigned, and now looks and feels more like an iOS device than ever. It's a flat, slender bar, with curved edges and a Lightning connector on the bottom for topping up its rechargeable batteries. You could easily mistake it for a new iPod touch. The back is sturdy aluminum, and the front is approximately halved width-wise into glossy and matte black sections. The matte black portion holds the built-in touchpad for navigating on-screen menus, along with the Menu/Back and Home buttons. The touchpad is responsive and comfortable, and physically clicks rather than relying on surface taps, so you won't accidentally trigger it.

Microphone/Siri and Play/Pause buttons occupy the glossy section of the remote, along with a volume rocker. Two small microphone holes near the top, one each on the front and back sides, are for voice control. A small black rectangle on the front holds an infrared emitter as a backup control if the Bluetooth connection to the Apple TV doesn't work.

The Amazon Fire TV

Amazon has updated its Fire TV Stick just in time for the holidays, adding a few welcome features to the already excellent media streamer. It's the same hardware as the original Fire TV Stick, but it now includes a microphone-equipped remote so you can use Amazon's Alexa voice assistant, just like you can with the new Fire TV box. It's a bit pricier than the original (which is available with a standard, microphone-less remote), but at $49.99, it still won't break the bank. It's not quite as smooth as the Fire TV, and it doesn't feature 4K video support, but the Fire TV Stick gets you access to the same wide selection of apps and services for half the price. It easily earns our Editors' Choice for budget media streamers.

Design
The Fire TV Stick itself is identical to the original version. It's a simple, black USB drive-like device that measures 3.4 by 1 by 0.5 inches (HWD). There's an HDMI connector on top of the stick, and a micro USB port for power on the side. Amazon includes a small female-to-female HDMI adapter, so you can hook it up with an HDMI cable if it won't fit directly into one of the ports on your HDTV. An included wall adapter and micro USB cable keep the stick running; Amazon recommends using the adapter rather than relying on your HDTV's USB ports.

The remote is a significant upgrade from the squat little bar that comes with original Fire TV Stick. It's identical to the remote included with the current Fire TV—a 6-inch, matte-black wand with only seven buttons and a prominent, circular, glossy-black navigation pad. A pinhole microphone on the end lets you use the Fire TV Stick's voice search and Alexa voice assistant with a press of a button.

Fire TV
Amazon uses a heavily skinned version of Google's Android operating system for its Fire TV products, and the interface has remained mostly unchanged from the first Fire TV. The menu is built around a column of categories on the left side of the screen and a series of large, colorful tiles displaying apps and media on the right side. Different categories like Apps, Movies, and Prime Video broadly sort available media and software, and more granular categories of media and apps like New, Popular, and Recently Viewed are arranged in rows that can expand further into sub-menus.
The interface is built around a curated, Amazon-centric experience that uses Amazon's Prime Video, Prime Music, App Store, and on-demand video selection as the primary sources for whatever you want to watch or listen to. Fortunately, Amazon's Fire TV App Store is fairly large, and you'll likely be able to find whatever non-Amazon streaming service you want with it (Google Play and Apple Music/iTunes are notable exceptions). Searches for movies and shows will bring up anything available on Amazon, but Hulu, Netflix, and other options will also appear if you have the apps installed and your accounts registered on the Fire TV Stick.

Monday, May 9, 2016

Types of Streaming Media

Streaming media is video or audio content sent in compressed form over the Internet and played immediately, rather than being saved to the hard drive..

With streaming media, a user does not have to wait to download a file to play it. Because the media is sent in a continuous stream of data it can play as it arrives. Users can pause, rewind or fast-forward, just as they could with a downloaded file, unless the content is being streamed live.

Here are some advantages of streaming media:

Makes it possible for users to take advantage of interactive applications like video search and personalized playlists.
Allows content deliverers to monitor what visitors are watching and how long they are watching it.
Provides an efficient use of bandwidth because only the part of the file that's being transferred is the part that’s being watched.
Provides the content creator with more control over his intellectual property because the video file is not stored on the viewer's computer. Once the video data is played, it is discarded by the media player.
Media is usually streamed from prerecorded files but can also be distributed as part of a live broadcast feed. In a live broadcast, the video signal is converted into a compressed digital signal and transmitted from a Web server as multicast, sending a single file to multiple users at the same time.

Streaming media is transmitted by a server application and received and displayed in real-time by a client application called a media player. A media player can be either an integral part of a browser, a plug-in, a separate program, or a dedicated device, such as an iPod. Frequently, video files come with embedded players. YouTube videos, for example, run in embedded Flash players.

Streaming media technologies have improved significantly since the 1990s, when delivery was typically uneven. However, the quality of streamed content is still dependent upon the user's connection speed.